What is Interventional Radiology?
Interventional radiology is a field that involves the use of imaging techniques (such as ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance) to perform invasive procedures for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Interventional radiologists use these techniques to access diseased tissues, perform various procedures, and play a critical role in the treatment of diseases. This field enables patients to be treated with less invasive methods, reducing the need for traditional surgical interventions.

History
The roots of interventional radiology date back to the mid-20th century. What began with simple needle biopsies has evolved into a medical discipline that now involves complex procedures. Technological advancements have allowed interventional radiology to continuously evolve.

Interventional Radiologists and Their Roles
Interventional radiologists are doctors who specialize in medical imaging. These specialists play a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients by using various imaging techniques. The procedures performed by interventional radiologists include:

1. Needle Biopsies
   Interventional radiologists perform fine needle biopsies to obtain samples from masses or lesions. This procedure is crucial in diagnosing diseases such as cancer. These procedures, guided by ultrasound or CT, are typically performed under local anesthesia.

   Vascular Procedures (Endovascular Procedures)
   Interventional radiologists can access blood vessels and apply various treatments. These procedures include:

   • Stent Placement: Stents are placed to open narrowed or blocked vessels.

   • Angioplasty: A balloon catheter is used to widen the vessel.

   • Thrombolysis: Medication is injected to dissolve blood clots.

   Tumor Ablation
   Interventional radiologists use various ablation techniques to shrink or destroy tumors. These methods include:

   • Thermal Ablation: Tumor cells are destroyed using high temperatures (radiofrequency or laser).

   • Cryotherapy: Tumors are destroyed using low temperatures.

   Drainage Procedures
   Interventional radiologists perform drainage procedures to remove accumulated fluids from the body. These procedures are carried out to evacuate fluid from infected or diseased areas.

   Targeted Drug Delivery
   Interventional radiologists can administer targeted drugs to specific lesions or tumors. This method is used to provide more localized effects rather than systemic treatment.

   Imaging Techniques in Interventional Radiology
   The main imaging techniques used in interventional radiology are:

   • Ultrasound: Commonly used for imaging soft tissues and blood vessels. It is frequently used for guidance in procedures such as fine needle biopsies.

   • Computed Tomography (CT): Provides more detailed images and is used for guidance in many interventional radiology procedures, particularly in vascular interventions.

   • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Effective for evaluating soft tissues and can also be used for imaging in certain interventional procedures.

   Advantages of Interventional Radiology
   The key advantages of interventional radiology include:

   • Minimally Invasive: Less invasive than traditional surgery, leading to faster recovery times and reduced risk of complications.

   • Quick Recovery: Most patients can be discharged on the same day of the procedure.

   • High Success Rate: Modern technologies and techniques enhance the success rates of these procedures.

   • Reduced Pain: Generally involves minimal pain, providing significant comfort to patients.

   Conclusion
   Interventional radiology is a vital branch of modern medicine, playing a critical role in diagnostic and therapeutic processes. Interventional radiologists successfully perform invasive procedures using various imaging techniques. Innovations and technological advancements in this field continue to ensure that patients are treated with less invasive methods, improving the quality of healthcare. Interventional radiology will remain an important part of healthcare in the future.

   This information is supported by verified medical details from specialist doctor İbadat Hasanov and aims to educate individuals. In every case, the treatment plan is tailored specifically to you, and this decision is carefully evaluated by your doctors.